The New Weave- Culturally Inclusive Curriculum

The New Weave- Culturally Inclusive Curriculum A ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’ is the planning and delivery of education to ensure that social and cultural perspectives are reflected in all aspects of teaching and learning across the curriculum. Any part of the curriculum cannot be primarily altered by the teacher, so in order to adapt a culturally inclusive curriculum a collaborative support is needed as a means of creating sustainable change and improvement that integrates successful outcomes of programmes into mainstream schooling practice.The needed support will rely on expertise, decisions and the involvement of key stakeholders such as; parents, teachers, the community and the Education Department in establishing, implementing and monitoring the procedures. Going through all this procedures is as important as culturally inclusive will not only involve within the classroom but within the community and the school.This assignment will be discussing the importance of culturally inclusive curriculum to students learning, then describe how as a teacher would facilitate the sharing of cultural experiences of students, outline the challenges faced when facilitating of cultural experiences and how it was dealt with and finally the concluding with the fact that diverse cultures in schools is emerging. Education is an introduction to worthwhile learning with teaching methods that must be morally accepted.Culture is the background or foundation of a person’s upbringing within their society which includes their store of important knowledge, skills and values expressed through their language and passing them on to the younger generation for the sake of cultural continuity and survival. In this context, education and culture are inextricably linked since the content of all education has value of structure that is associated with a particular cultural scheme. As education and culture are inextricably linked, culturally inclusive curriculum is a vi tal approach to the education system. In most Oceanic societies today, traditional cultural values underpin much of what people emphasise and think about, and continue to be the framework that people use to justify their behaviour and to explain the behaviour of others†. (Thaman, 1988). To embrace the knowledge of diverse cultures of all students in education is to understand the cultural backgrounds of the students, from there, teachers will be able to create a learning space for their students’ which is known as ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’.With different cultural backgrounds and heritage ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’ is based on reflecting on students’ prior knowledge, views, values and understanding, teachers can then build on that foundation with activities and resources that are familiar to the students. The importance of a ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’ approaches have various benefits in the classroom, th e school and the community.The Solomon Islands Education Strategic plan 2002-2004 takes this into consideration when it states: †¦there is an acceptance that education has increased tensions with communities†¦The education system is seen by many as being unconnected and antagonistic to the social and cultural values on which Solomon Island communities and society is based†¦Education must be available to all regardless of gender, ethnicity and socio-economic background of citizens. (Ministry of Education, Solomon Islands 2002:1-2).The approaches will be describing how a teacher would facilitate the sharing of cultural experiences of students which with benefits that will explain the essential features that will reflect back towards the students’ wellbeing that will be focused on enhancing students learning. The approaches are: Teaching programs will meet the specific needs of students from diverse backgrounds to ensure equitable learning outcomes where students are provided with support to develop language and literacy proficiency.While English is the major shared language within the Pacific Island countries, it can be used as a tool and mean of communication for our literacy and language development of the social, cultural, community and economic vitality of our nation to draw upon adoption of cultures such as language and a wide variety of languages other than English. Activities that they will be able to relate to, for example are: 1.Sharing ideas of the different uses of plants for medicinal purposes and other uses and plant names. This idea will bring students to able to make connections with other cultures as some plant names and uses will be similar. e. g. similar names of coconut; ini- Nauruan, naniu- Fijian and niu- Tongan and Hawaiian. 2. A discussion, students share stories of adapted languages. e. g. Story of how the Ikiribati and the Nauruan adopted a word A European boy came off a ship with a pet dog, the Ikiribati and the Na uruan bserved carefully at the strange looking creature and they asked each other, â€Å"What is it called? † The European boy called his dog, â€Å"come here Rover† The Ikiribati went back to his people and told them that the creature (dog) is called a ‘Dagamea’ as from the word ‘come here’. The Nauruan went back to his people and told his people that the creature (dog) is called ‘Robar’ as from the word ‘Rover’. Until now in Kiribati, dagamea mean dog and in Nauru, robar means dog. These benefits are:Schools actively engage with parents and community members from diverse backgrounds to support the engagement and learning of their children this will enable the classroom to become an independent space which promotes open dialogue and communication to allow for personal and social education and will also encourage a cooperative learning. Students will develop an understanding and respect for different cultures, religio ns, values and views, as they are able to understand and see the similarities between their own cultural backgrounds and other cultures and relate to them.Diverse cultural backgrounds of all students are recognised and valued so no students are being left out but will be given the opportunity to express and share their own cultural background and build on their prior knowledge in a diverse and meaningful way this will enable students to gain confidence in their self image. The inference are the approach will analyse the cultural similarities, it is human nature that having something in common always attract interest and will create a diverse society within the classroom. Students will view that culture is a web of interrelationships and will provide meaning to and a framework for their existence in a particular society†. (Thanman , 2001). Pacific education must prepare our children for the reality of life beyond the walls of the classroom, the schoolyard and their familiar soc iety; they must be a prepared for the complex life beyond their comfort zone, but to prepare them to inculcate values and character that would enable full and positive participation in both local cultural community life and in the global community.However, there is yet another perspective of the issue concerning the idea of sharing cultural experiences of student which are the challenges teachers will face when utilizing the idea. It is always best to speculate and evaluate the idea of adopting changes and the pedagogy used. In spite of the importance highlighted of the idea of sharing cultural experiences let us not overlook the challenges which the teacher will be facing.Challenges that I may be facing as a teacher are to mention a few are; trying to get to know all the cultural background of all my students and not leaving one behind due to my lack of knowledge and understanding, coming to terms with my own cultural beliefs, religion and values into accepting other beliefs, relig ions and values and the limited understanding of what curriculum reform was about and unable to satisfactorily implement the new curricula.Trying to get to know all the cultural background of all my students and not leaving one behind due to my lack of knowledge and understanding, is as a teacher, more research, planning and extra hard work have to be carried out. As some cultural experiences maybe dominant than the other, as a teacher I have to try to balance them out and be resourceful and creative in planning activities to be made as equally interesting and not letting one culture dominate the other. Coming to terms with my own cultural background, religion and values and accepting other beliefs, religions and values.As an adult without the opportunity of a culturally diverse upbringing or teacher training on the issue, it will be a challenge to understand and interrelate with other cultural beliefs especially when it comes to religion and beliefs. While moulding my students to b e culturally diverse I will be going through the same process and learning myself. The limited understanding of what curriculum reform was about and unable to satisfactorily implement the new curricula of ‘culturally inclusive curriculum’.Due to my lack of knowledge of other cultural backgrounds, it will be a challenge to implement or even teach the new cultural inclusive curricula. In conclusion, culturally inclusive curriculum is an important approach in this modern time, as even though there will be challenges when teachers are actually facilitating the sharing of cultural experiences within the classroom. Culture inclusive in our curricula is becoming a demand due to the increase of multicultural backgrounds of students which has brought attention to educators to take action on the issue.Diverse cultures in Pacific schools is increasing so let us use this as an opportunity to prepare our children to be able to strive in the wider global network. Bibliography Ministr y of Education, Solomon Islands. 2002. Education strategic plan 2002- 2004. Government of Solomon Islands, Solomon Is. Thaman, K. H. (1988). Ako and Faiako: cultural values, educational ideas and teachers’ role perceptions in Tonga. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of the South Pacific, Suva. Thanman, K. T. (2001). Culturally inclusive teacher education in Oceania. International Education Journel, 26 (5), 1-2.

Critical and Evaluative Response to Virginia Woolf’s Professions for Women Essay

Critical and Evaluative Response to Virginia Woolf’s Professions for Women Virginia Woolf (1882-1941), a British author and feminist, was born and grew up in London. At that time girls weren’t sent to school, so she was educated by her parents. Although she was a woman, Woolf became a significant figure in London literature society and a member of the Bloomsbury Group. Professions for Women is one of her essays in which she talks about the difficulties women should deal with in all kinds of professions. This essay is considerably impressive. It made me think about myself, as a woman, and the problems I face during the path to success. Woolf points out to many obstacles that women fight when becoming â€Å"a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant†, (277) etc. They are held back by their fears and doubts as well as society’s beliefs and judgments. Woolf talks about a â€Å"phantom† (274) that used to interrupt her when she was writing. She says that phantom is an obstacle that women should get rid of it to reach their goal. In my opinion â€Å"phantom† can be anything. Everyone, regardless of kind, class, sex has his/her own phantom. It represents an obstacle of the mind. It’s a negative thought that comes between us and our aims, and keeps us back from maintaining the success. It’s something we have to learn to break to improve ourselves, and as Woolf says â€Å"It is far harder to kill a phantom than a reality† (275). Woolf uses beautiful metaphor to explain the â€Å"phantom. † She likens it to an â€Å"Angel†, and calls her â€Å"The Angel in the House† (274), and continues â€Å"It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her†, and describes her briefly: â€Å"She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (274). Woolf also makes a strong imagination of herself â€Å"writing a novel in a state of trance†: â€Å"The image of a fisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake with a rod held out over the water† (276). These literary figures attracted me and made me want to read more by this writer. The essay is mostly in a narrative style of writing. Woolf uses narration to describe what occurred to her when she was writing. She tells the story of how she did the battle with the â€Å"Angle†, which represents women’s hesitation and fear, and overcame the phantom that wanted to prevent her from being her true self. She goes on to talk about what happened after she has â€Å"killed† the â€Å"Angel. † She found that after we overwhelm one of our weaknesses there are many more to come. There are more personal obstacles we must jump over as well as society’s obstacles. In my opinion this essay has and had a very effective reflection of women’s life style. Woolf encourages women to take professional careers, such as a doctor or a lawyer, and also encourages them to actively participate in society. It says that in order to maintain the success, we have to face many oncoming obstacles, whether they are material or society or even ourselves.

Is life cycle Essay

The life cycle of information systems impact the organization in several ways and can be summed as follows: †¢ System investigation: The primary analysis of the system is essential for enveloping all the business data and information requirements to map all processes in the organization (Hoffer, 2002). It is done so that no data is left out and there is 100% coverage of the business requirements. The requirements of this stage demand enough expertise and skill to effectively understand and capitalize on information so that information is captured to its full swing. †¢ Systems analysis and Design: Once all the requirements are collected successfully they are analyzed to their importance and framed into defined design models such as DFD, E-R diagram and others so that their modeling is successfully transformed into a working system (Navathe, 2004). The entire design reflects the working of the organizational processes and their penetrations with external forces. The capabilities of this stage demands business modeling methods and strategies for developing a suitable data flow diagram to correctly figure out the process. †¢ Systems coding: This is the actual step where the business requirements are actually implemented and taken care to be given a representation. The impact of this stage would result in greater understanding of the business methods and good communication skills with the client. This stage creates an impact to make a difference to code the system to exact requirements mapped in the planning stages. †¢ Systems implementation: Successful implementation of the system is essential for the system to facilitate working and for the users to take full advantage of the system. The impact of this stage is quite large as improper implementation strategies may affect the working of the organization and processing capabilities. The above four stages impact the working of the organization as they are directly related to create a system to map the organizational processes. References Hoffer (2002). Modern systems analysis and Design (pp 241-263). Singapore: Pearson Education. Navathe, Elmasri (2004). Fundamentals of Database systems (pp 49-70). Singapore: Pearson Education.

Chapter One including the abstract Dissertation

Chapter One including the abstract - Dissertation Example It is on this basis that faculty-designers have emerged as critical a component in the development of online courses. Given the importance of faculty-designers, there is need to ensure that these faculty-developers possess requisite skills and competencies that are key in maintaining the quality of online courses. This chapter presents issues surrounding the skills, competencies and best practices for designing online courses. In addition to these issues, this chapter will present the purpose of the research, research questions and hypotheses, justification and significance of the research, as well as limitations and assumptions for the research. Keywords: Faculty-designers, Skills and Competencies, Instructional Materials, Online Courses and Best Practices Chapter One Introduction Online education has experienced unprecedented growth in the last decade. Rapid growth of online education has emergence along with sophisticated information and communication technologies. Information tec hnology tools have been integrated into online platforms and enhance delivery of learning materials. Proponents of distance education have applauded the flexibility and convenience of online learning studies. However, dissenting voices have increasingly raised concerns over the quality of online courses. ... Many of the decisions influencing the successful delivery of course materials take place prior to commencement of online classes. Course design stage requires careful planning to not only make teaching more enjoyable and easy, but also to facilitate effective student learning. Well-designed courses facilitate smooth implementation of course content on a day-to-day basis (Anderson, 2008). Faculty-designers require requisite skills and competencies that will assure the effectiveness and quality of online learning (Weston, 2009). Increasing demands for online courses stimulated many institutions of higher learning to offer online courses. As the number of middle-level colleges and fully fledged universities offering online courses continues to grow, a pressing need has arisen for highly skilled and competent faculty-designers (Salmon, 2004). Skilled and competent faculty-designers are needed in crafting professional development and technical training online courses (Watson, Watson and R eigeluth, 2012). The quality of online courses has been compromised, in part, by hastily-developed learning materials (Hsu and Lin, 2008). Much as information technology has the potential to develop and implement effective online learning, the quality of this modern pedagogy is compromised by lack of competent faculty-designers (Anderson, 2008). The rapid growth of online learning has focused increasing attention to components that constitutes a quality online course (Reigeluth, 2011). Understanding of how to design an online course and what is needed to be an effective online instructor has deepened significantly (Hsu and Lin, 2008). Technologies used to design and access online courses have also improved tremendously. Equally important, faculty-designers have

Sir francis drake Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sir francis drake - Essay Example During the period of 1570s Drake single handedly further benefited his nation by making two highly profitable trips to the region of West Indies. During the same time period he even was the commander of two ships that made an expedition in the Caribbean region against his Spanish counterparts. He is even credited for capturing the port of Nombre de Dios and due to this along with the treasure he took away from the Spanish he was credited as a privateer3. During the period of 1577, Drake was made part of a secretive expedition which targeted the Spanish colonies and within a one year time period he lost 4 out of 5 ships that he took along. He was successful in becoming the first ever Englishman to identify Straits of Magellan. During his trip towards the upper side of South America’s western coasts he aggressively countered Spanish ports and became the first person to explore the entire western cost of the region of America as compared to any other European at that time in orde r to identify the route that passed through the Atlantic region. Due to his failure to find a route he made a turn towards the southern region during 1579 and went across passing the Pacific. During his trips he came across various regions and even went through the Cape of Good Hope4. By the period of 1580, he returned back home along with various offerings to benefit the British community. He returned with treasures of the Spanish people as well as a full cargo that contained various spices and he became the first individual belonging to the English community to go around the globe. During the same year he was again made the knight of the Golden Hind as a result of annoying the Spain’s King. 5 years later he was able to steal different cities of Spain and while returning he brought along the colonists of the region of Roanoke Island who had been unsuccessful and this led to the creation of the first colony of the New

Evaluating the Project Framework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Evaluating the Project Framework - Assignment Example Define the practices that aid the organization in: learning from individual projects Speaking from a research he carried out on his design of the gas-lift chairs, the person seated on the chair is bound to be seated on a hip inclination of 90o, or even less. The hip inclination is the angle between the torso and legs, causing the torso to press against the heart and lungs. Accordingly, there is a reduction in the inhaling volume of an individual (Cabinet Maker, 2011, p. 49). Finding which processes work well, and deploying those processes as standards 1. The study of the production procedure: This process involves extraction of raw materials, handling of the tools used, conveyance, and assemblage of the chairs, packing, supply, and the practice of working on such a chair (Cabinet Maker, 2011, p. 50). 2. Stimulation: Stimulation involved the use of a 2D model of the hydraulic fracture of the children’s gas-lift chair that can be sustained. This methodology also involves the aci d breaking, and forecasting of sustained and the incorporation of a well-performing model (Cabinet Maker, 2011, p. 50). B. ... Functionally, the child gas-lift chair fundamentally allows the user to perform their usual tasks. Nevertheless, the chair can also be used as a non-conventional or extraordinary surrounding or user for this type of chair. Children have to find this chair very simple to work with or use during a lesson or before a desk. The chairs also have to be affordable for the client, and minimal production costs have to be maintained (Fisher-price, 2011). C. Does the organization know if it is spending its limited improvement resources effectively? These discrete roles of the planned chair have been incorporated into one package that offers interactive usage of shared information and findings. Such a gas-lift chair will defines the business designs employed in the model and depict the findings that are able to be obtained easily (Fisher-price, 2011). To enable the lifting feature of the chair for children with different heights and development rates, the Hydraulic model has to be designed to op erate through plotting the tank influx and tubing movement putting both the tank influx and tubing current arches on one plot. Define a method of measuring yourself and periodically determining the impact and effectiveness of your improvement efforts. The LCA methodology applied by Fisher Price, a child gas-lift chair manufacturing organization has enabled numerous research findings into the comfort of children and concentration to assess the ecological effect. The materials used in these designs have been used to project the life cycle of the durability of the seats through an exhaustive analysis of every phase of the life-cycle procedure (Langham, 2011, p. 1). D. Are improvement efforts successful and

Executive Compensation Schemes in Corporate Governance Research Paper

Executive Compensation Schemes in Corporate Governance - Research Paper Example The HR specialist has a difficult task of fixing wages and wage differentials acceptable to an employee and their leaders. Executive remuneration has assumed considerable importance in recent years. Salaries and perks paid to highest decision-makers in organizations are skyrocketing, and this sudden spurt in managerial remuneration was the result of economic deregulation and the consequent entry of MNC's into the various regions. The expectancy model has its roots in the cognitive, concept of pioneer psychologists Kurt Lenin and Edward Tolman. However, the first to formulate an expectancy theory, directly aimed at work motivation, was Victor H. Vroom. Expectancy theory is based on the idea that work effort is directed towards behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes. Despite its general appeal, the expectancy model has some problems. It is important to discover what kinds of behavior the model explains and to which situation it does not very well apply. Contrary to the assumption of the expectancy theory the individuals make decisions consciously; there are numerous instances, where decisions are made with no conscious thought. It is complex, and thus its validity is difficult to test in its entirety. Limitations apart the expectancy model is useful in as much as it serves as a heuristics decision tool to guide managers in dealing with the complexity of motivation in organizations. Motivat ion principles such as encouraging employees' performance and matching rewards to performance can be drawn from the theory. These principles can be used to guide managers in designing organizational rewards, work systems, Management by objectives, and goal setting.

Economic liberals argue that ecomonic exchange is a positive-sun game Essay

Economic liberals argue that ecomonic exchange is a positive-sun game - Essay Example These two explain the prevailing capitalistic economic exchange in opposing light. The former upholds the capitalistic ideal while the latter criticize it based on the argument that it such exchange is a breeding ground of exploitation and inequality. Although both of these schools have valid arguments, this paper will argue that the liberal point of view holds more legitimate positions than Marxism in explaining the economic exchange in the capitalist system. Free Market The fundamental features of a capitalist economy are right to private property, profit-motive, freedom of choice, market forces, and minimal role of government. It promotes individualism and is consisted of individual units like workers, people, capitalists, consumers and firms and that social forces determine the formation of a capitalist economy. A critical aspect of capitalism that is relevant to the subject of this investigation is the labor market. In this case, individuals play an important role in the exchang e of goods. First, they are incapable to produce what they need and what they consume. This is the reason why a highly specialized division of labor emerged so that people rely on others, particularly, the producers, in order to survive. Callero explained that when someone is looking for a job in a capitalist economy, that individual is engaging in a capitalistic exchange using his skill and abilities as a commodity to be traded for wage, which is necessary in the procurement of food, shelter, clothing and other goods (25). The labor market also collectively demonstrates the flow of goods in capitalism and depicts several capitalistic principles. If there is excess in the labor force, unemployment and low wage emerge as a result. The implication of this situation demonstrates two important points. First is that the unemployed or the labor force in general will be engaged in fierce competition for the scarce work and this is often characterized by enhancing competitive advantage (Tod orova 31). Finally, there is the profit motive characteristic wherein people engaging in the economic exchange, especially the producers, operate with profit and self-interest as their primary concern. Each individual, grouping and organization relegate concern for others or the society secondary to their own interests. At first glance, this appears cruel and unjust but economists argue that emphasizing profit is a driving force behind free market economies. It functions as a reward for people, entrepreneurs, and organizations who work hard, invest time and money, take risks and innovate. According to Mink, profit, which critics such as those coming from the Marxist school assails, is behind efficiency in production because it is behind – through competition – the efforts of economic actors to constantly innovate (125). The Marxist Criticism Karl Marx’s investigation of the late twentieth-century capitalism resulted in several important criticisms to the economi c system. But these criticisms are based on an important Marxist theory, the theory of exploitation and inequality. Here, an unequal exchange develops between workers and capitalists. Solimano explains: While the workers’ only asset is labor (in flow terms, â€Å"labor power†), capitalists are in advantageous position due to ownership of the productive capital that allows them to organize

PathGoal Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

PathGoal Theory - Essay Example The articles are different in the way that Chester A. Schriesheim and Linda L. Neider provide more research and literature review on the theory while Jim Bolt discusses the modern leader and importance of changing the dimension of a modern manager's role in the company. Schriesheim and Neider begin their article by mentioning the developers' definition of a leader and the functions that are supposed to be held by a modern manager of an organization. They stress that, the function of a leader is to increase "personal pay-offs to subordinates for work-goal attainment and make the path to these pay-offs easier to travel by clarifying it, reducing road blocks and pitfalls, and increasing the opportunities for personal satisfaction en route" (House, 1971, p. 324). Effective leaders assist employees in their career path that is aimed at individual fulfillment of employees and organizational benefit. Most of the investigations of House's path-goal theory have concentrated on exploring relationships between leadership behaviors (e.g., consideration and initiating structure) and outcome measures (e.g., satisfaction) while studying the impact of different moderator variables (such as task structure). House (1971), for example, found preliminary support for t he contention that situational variables may moderate the relationship of perceived initiating structure as well as consideration and such effectiveness measures as subordinate job satisfaction. The authors of the article cite Bass (1990) noting that the leader "needs to complement only what is missing in a situation to enhance the subordinate's motivation, satisfaction, and performance" (p. 627). Mentioning about over 100 studies published on the theory of path-goal leadership, Schriesheim and Neider continue the article by outlining the findings of few studies. The results of a meta-analysis of over 40 studies, Resulted in a support for the basic propositions of the theory, particularly with respect to the role of initiating structure, moderated by taskcharacteristics, on employee satisfaction. The results with respect to performance as an outcome variable and with respect to leader consideration behaviors appear to be far less consistent, and this may account for the removal of subordinate performance from the most recent statement of the theory. Another study provided by Szilagyi and Sims (1974) found that "while task characteristics moderated the relationship between initiating structure and employee satisfaction, the same was not true with respect to the relationship between initiating structure and performance". Further, Schriesheim and Schriesheim (1980) found that perceived consideration appears to be strongly related to employee satisfaction levels regardless of situational characteristics. Specifically, supportive leadership explained 63% of the variance in supervisory satisfaction scores, even after instrumental leader behaviors were paialled out. This finding is also consistent with the meta-analyses conducted by Fisher and Edwards (1988) and Wofford and Liska (1993), both finding support for a positive relationship between leader consideration and subordinate job satisfaction. Both of these meta-analyses also, however, provided only mixed results regarding the theory's proposed moderator relationships. In contrast to Schriesheim and Neider, Bolt does not refer to any studies in his article but

The types and impact of white collar crimes Term Paper

The types and impact of white collar crimes - Term Paper Example A far neglected area of crime, is this negligence owing to the fact that attention has been brought to it only recently, or is it more so because the ‘criminals’ who commit these crimes are generally affluent and in a position of high social impact, thereby making them different from the stereotypical poor man turning to crime? But why is that white collar crime generally goes by unnoticed and white collar criminals go by unpunished? Is it the nature of the crime, or the nature of the offender? What constitutes these crimes and what are their effects? Along with a brief history and explanation of white crime these will be the questions the essay will be aiming to answer. Background What is white crime? White crime or white collar crime is a considerably different form of crime than the stereotypical image of street crime that the word ‘crime’ instantly conjures up in our mind. It is a more subtle, under-the-table form of crime, where rather than harm others, the main impact is to benefit one’s self (Shover, 2006). ... but the term ‘White Collar crime’ was first used by an American sociologist, Professor Edwin Hardin Sutherland, in an address to the American Sociological Society in 1939. After the World War II, in the era of the Great Depression, money was so scarce and the situation so desperate that people wanted to seek benefit in any way that they could. Considering themselves overworked and underpaid, they began to exploit their positions to their own personal advantage (Strader 2002). Sutherland defines the term ‘white collar crime’ as ‘offense committed by an individual or group of individuals who belong to respected and high social class in the course of his occupation’, Sutherland (1949) which basically meant individuals or corporations performing illegal activities which benefited their business in a certain way. Sutherland wished to draw notice to this far neglected area of crime, neglected mainly due to the fact that the ‘criminals’ gu ilty of these crimes were generally of a higher social status and position, taking them out of the stereotypical definition of a criminal, making them easier to overlook. They were workers who had earned their working positions legally through a certain amount of influence or education, therefore making them appear to be responsible, hard-working citizens of society (Gerhard, 2006). Interpretation of the exact nature of these crimes greatly varies and is not always exactly clear. For example, embezzlement and fraud is quietly obviously a crime, but is false, misleading advertisement a form of white crime or is it simply a business strategy? Is the dumping of toxic waste considered a white crime or is it simply negligence? There are wide varying definitions of what white crime actually constitutes, but they are classified by

Midterm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Midterm - Assignment Example The fall of this age credited with the Dorian Invasion, which is believed to have happened around 1100 B.C., and which came to be the conclusive deathblow to the Minoan civilization (Lawall & Maynard 24). According to Greek legend, it was in this age that the Oedipus tragedy evolved, and the story later depicted in Aeschylus' Oresteia played out. This was the time of the famous Trojan War, which left the Trojans and Greeks alike bereft of some of their most beloved and courageous men who died as heroes on the incarnadine battle fields (Lawall & Maynard 34). This was the time of the wonderings of Aeneas and Odysseus after the war, and a time where the inhabitants of Mount Olympus interacted with the humans more than ever. Homer did not live during the time, which is named after him. He is believed to have lived three hundred years after the Homeric Age of which he wrote about in his epic poems (35). He is, of course, our most important literary source for knowledge of this period, com bining the history, religion, myth, and lore of many generations (Lawall & Maynard 37). The political institutions of the Homeric Greeks were exceedingly primitive. ... Practically his only functions were military and priestly. He commanded the army in time of war and offered sacrifices to keep the gods on the good side of the community (Lawall & Maynard 48). Although each little group of villages had its council of nobles and assembly of warriors, of these bodies had neither any definite membership nor status as an organ of government. The duties of the former were to advise and assist the king and prevent him from usurping despotic powers. The  functions of the latter were to ratify declarations of war and assent to the conclusion of peace (Lawall & Maynard 50). Almost without exception, custom took the place of law, and the administration of justice was private. Even willful murder was punishable only by the family of the victim. While it is true that the king for settlement, he acted in such cases merely as an arbitrator, not as a judge. As a matter of fact, the political consciousness of   the Greeks of this time was so poorly developed tha t they had no conception of government as an indispensable agency for the preservation of social order. When Odysseus, king of Ithaca , was absent for twenty years , no regent was appointed in his place , and no session of the council or assembly was held. No one seemed to think that the complete suspension of government, even for so long a time, was a matter of any critical importance. Just before the violent Doric invasions, the Achaeans fought the Trojans of Asia Minor. The chronicle of that war, the Iliad, furnishes the first clear picture of the early Greek religion as it evolved from a blending of Achaean, Dorian, Minoan, Egyptian, and Asian elements. This phase of Greek religion called Homeric, after the

Fast Food Restaurants and Healthy Choices FD Essay Example for Free

Fast Food Restaurants and Healthy Choices FD Essay

Using Human Cadavers As Crash Test Dummies Philosophy Essay

Using Human Cadavers As Crash Test Dummies Philosophy Essay Using human cadavers as test dummies? Is it necessary or a waste? Many people are for, and many people are against using human cadavers as crash test dummies. Some reasons people are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because it is cost beneficial, they get the most accurate feedback from the crash, and utilitarianism. Some reasons people are against using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because the golden rule, religion, and people could be using the human cadavers for better reasons. Do the pros outweigh the cons? Ill let you be the judge of that. The people that are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies have a good argument. They have strong points that gravitate toward them. One reason people are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because it is cost beneficial. Many families have problems paying for the funeral service; therefore they may not have one at all. The average price for a funeral today is seven thousand dollars, and that is on the lower end. So the question is why put yourself in a great deal of debt when the body can be used for a better cause? Some people also have a funeral service and still donate their body. This is still saving the family about four thousand dollars for the grave site, tombstone, etc. Using human cadavers as crash test dummies is also cost beneficial because the average test dummies cost at least ten thousand dollars. This is a cheap crash test dummy and isnt as high tech as some facilities would need. By donating a persons body to science they are saving the family a nd the facilities a lot of money and these people believe it is for a good cause. Another reason people are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because they get the most accurate feedback. By using an actual human body it shows the automobile world what a real human can take. The people that work with the human cadavers use crushing force or speeds to see what our bodies can take. They also drop ball bearings on the skulls of the human cadavers and drop the bodies at different heights down an elevator shaft. Many people argue against this case and say that they can us one human cadaver to find the crushing force or speeds, then once they know use the crash test dummies. However, the people from this angle argue back that the real thing is always better then a stand-in and theres always going to be different things that can break different things. Therefore they would need more than just one human cadaver. Back when cars were first created they used to be very dangerous. At very low speeds the car crashes were many times fatal. By the use of human cad avers they have made cars safer so more people survive. Since testing with human cadavers, every year since nineteen eighty seven at least eight thousand and five hundred lives have been saved. The bringing up of seatbelts and airbags there was a need for human cadavers. They needed to test with human cadavers to see how much force we could take. The people that are for using cadavers argue that crash dummies are excellent, and should be used. However they arent one hundred percent accurate because only the human insides can tell us how much they can take. A third reason people are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies are because utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is determined by its utility to bring happiness or meaning in others lives. The people that believe this are strongly for donating your body to science after death. By doing this you are greatly affecting many peoples lives in a profound way, which increases your moral worth greatly. Every time someone donates their body to science a huge number of lives are saved by that one person. If they were not a hero before they died, that has made them one immensely. Eight thousand and five hundred lives are saved each year by people who have donated their body to science. By getting their body used as test dummies increases their worthiness a lot. It may not sound glamorous or appealing at all but if you think about the long run, how many people you are saving it is a good deed that Im sure will be greatly appreciated by many. Besid es, youre not using it anymore, why not let it be used for a good cause that makes you look good? Many people that are against using human cadavers as crash test dummies argue that it is not respectful. However, the people managing the body are very respectful with what happens to it and how it is handled. One way they do this is by keeping the face covered up. By doing this it gives the cadaver a great deal of privacy. Through this process the identity of the person is not revealed at all. They use letters and numbers to identify the cadaver and no one knows who the person is. The process by which they go through is also not gory at all. In the book they number the cadaver as UM 006 as the identifier of the cadaver. The scientists are the most respectful they can be while still doing their job. Although there are many points for positives of using human cadavers as crash test dummies there are still many people against the issue. These people have many reasons for this and believe it is not something that people should do with the donated bodies. There are many reasons why. Some reasons are; the golden rule, their religion, and the fact that the bodies could be used for something better. For this reason, human cadavers are a greatly discussed in the science world. There is a great debate between many. One reason people are against using human cadavers as crash test dummies is the golden rule. The golden rule is something we have been told our whole life. It states that people should treat others the way they would like to be treated. Would you like to be tossed around in a car without any control? I didnt think so. Many people see this as very disrespectful toward the dead. The main respect should go to the family. After someone is dead the family should get a state of peace. The body being jostled does not give the family peace. It is not respectful for the family to have to deal with the not knowing of where the body is, or what is happening to it. Also, when the donors sign up for body donation they do not know where their body is going. They have no say at all, which is something that many people disagree on. They believe the consent should have more options. In the book it tells us that in 1978 John Moss investigated the issue deeply. He tried very hard to make the use of cad avers for this reason unavailable. His reasoning was personal repugnance. A second reason many people are against using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because of their religion. Some people believe that if their body is not in whole then in after-life it will not be either. Also some religions are against this and their believers will stay with them. They also think that when a body dies the soul should be put to rest, but how is it put to rest when its used for crash testing? They also dont agree with the consent forms and believe they are lying or deceiving which is something religions do not support. A third reason is that many people believe the body of the donors could be used for something better and more helpful to the people. Their thinking process is that there are many trainees that are going to be doctors, shouldnt they get more practice? They dont see the point in wasting bodies on crash testing when the medical world is growing and needing more and more bodies. People understand that cars need to be safe however they know that they have tested enough human cadavers so that they know the speeds that can harm a human, and they could use dummies to make the cars safer. They also think that if people are more cautious then there will be fewer crashes because cars today are very safe. But the medical world is also going to be getting new doctors so they are in a constant demand of cadavers. They just want the bodies to be used for better reasons. Mary Roachs book did a great job of showing what happens when the human cadavers are used as crash test dummies. Her book was always very accurate about what happens to the bodies. One thing she was right about was the fact that Wayne State University was the first to test human cadavers as crash test dummies. This book tells in detail what happens to the human cadavers as they are in this process. All of the things she says are correct. She is very factual and shows a lot of evidence to support her theories and the things that she says. In conclusion there are many reasons people are for and against using human cadavers as crash test dummies. Some reasons people are for using human cadavers as crash test dummies is because they receive more accurate feedback, its cost beneficial, and utilitarianism. Many people are also against the use of human cadavers because the golden rule, religion, and because the bodies could be used for better things. Each perspective makes a good argument. Do you like the book? Mary Roachs book was a very interesting read. It told me a lot of facts that I did not know. I did find someone of the things she compared things to very disturbing (chicken noodle soup, Rice Krispies, etc.). I did not know that the donated bodies were used for so many things. One thing I was very shocked about was the body farm. I also dont completely agree with the body farm. I dont see what the point in it is even after I read that chapter. The things that happen to a decaying body however were fascinating. Mary Roach did a great job at giving factual information for people to learn more about the subject matter. I believe that the things they do with cadavers are worth the arguments people put against them. The use of cadavers has saved many lives; for example, many lives have been saved by the crash testing, medical uses, etc. I also believe that some things that people did in the past were uncalled for. One thing that supports this is the transplantation of heads. This is not s omething that is realistic and its not a main need. The money spent on that could have been used for something that was needed. For the most part I did enjoy the book. I enjoyed learning everything Mary Roach had to say and it made me second guess people donating their bodies.

Risks And Process Of Waste Incineration Environmental Sciences Essay

Risks And Process Of Waste Incineration Environmental Sciences Essay It is specified, under this act that that waste is disposed of or recovered without putting human health at risk and without harming the environment in particular, such as air, water, animals, plants or soil and also It should not cause any foul smell or noise around so as to affect any human being. (Environmental Protection) Some of the other legislations that can be listed are as per follows. 2. The Waste Management Licensing Regulations 1994 3. Environment Act 1995 4. Waste Minimisation Act (1998) 5. Pollution Prevention and Control Act (1999) 6. The Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations 2005 7. The Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2006. (UK Wasteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) It should be noted that the above list is not exhaustive. The purpose of all these legislation is to protect the environment and all natural substances such as air, water, land, animal, plants and surroundings from the ill effects of hazardous chemicals and industrial wastes. The Risks Associated with Existing Incineration Sites Incinerations are not a right waste disposal technique for the following reasons. Destroying Valuable Resources Incineration of waste simply means that materials have been used only once and then are destroyed. It is a fact that all natural resources that we make use of have finite supplies. All natural resources whether it is iron, aluminum, copper, plastic, glass do not have unlimited supplies then why are we not thinking on recycling of these natural resources? Precious natural habitats and forests in Indonesia, Brazil, Malaysia, and Myanmar were exploited on mass scale for the supply of timber and production of pulp for paper mills. This is also the reason why some of the species have become extinct and natural ecological system has been put in jeopardy. Wood and paper recycling is need of the day to save our forest area. For that matter recycling of all natural produce is a necessity in these ever increasing consumer demands. A small study on SELCHP Incinerator It is a myth that incinerators finish the waste. Einsteins principle holds true here also that matter cannot be destroyed but are only transformed from one form to another. Essentially, incinerators do not destroy them they just convert it into gases and ash. Household waste which is a cocktail of many harmful substances when burnt in incinerator produce many harmful gases and part of it gets released into atmosphere through chimney. The residue known as ash goes for landfill. Incinerators burn the wastes that create toxic fumes. Though the norms are made by regulatory authorities; often they are violated by the incinerator operators. Two incinerators that are in operation in south London (SELCHP) and North London (Edmonton) were fined for infringements innumerable times in the last 15 years. It is known that domestic waste contains fluorescent tubes and bulbs which have mercury in it, plastic materials, cadmium and many other harmful compounds. Besides, some of the electrical appliances contain cadmium, chromium and lead. They cause more volatile compounds in the heat of incinerator and generate dangerous vapors which get escape from chimneys of the incinerator into the atmosphere polluting natural environment and air. (SELCHP INCINERATOR 2002) Dioxin-a most Potent Threat to the Mankind The plastic materials like PVC, CPVC which contain bound chlorine with them and release dioxins when gets burnt. Dioxin, most toxic substance second only to radioactive waste, falls under the class of super-toxic chemicals that forms during burning of plastics and organic chemicals. In the past, people were made to leave the places such as Love Canal and Times Beach, Missouri due to excessive contamination of dioxin. Various plasticizers used in production processes of plastic are also harmful when get burnt in the incinerator as they emit toxic gases which in turn get released in the atmosphere. At least for last more than 25 years incinerators are used to burn industrial and medical waste. A large list of domestic products using vinyl plastics when burned in incineration is a reason of increased level of dioxin, which spreads settling on crops that are subsequently eaten by cattle. It not only contaminates lakes, rivers and other water source but also accumulates in the fat tissues of the animals and secreted in milk and meat products. Dioxin is excreted by the human and animal body very slowly and they are mostly indestructible. (Dioxin 2011) Most Potential Reasons That Go Against Incinerators Incinerators emit enormous amount of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and create change in global climate. Incinerators emit more amount of Carbon dioxide in comparison to any fossil fuel-based power plant that includes coal based power plant per unit production of electricity. (Burning wasteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Industries of the area take advantage of the situation. Industries around dump their toxic waste to get rid of and thus conveniently hide their dirty practices. In a way they use the incineration system to their advantage and continue their operations at the cost of society. Incinerators take away the recycling possibilities of natural materials and thus create the wastage of the natural resource. The possibilities of extra job creations in recycling industries are taken away by the costly incineration technologies. In a way, it is a colossal waste of not only natural resources but public money. (Recycling versusà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) It is a myth that incinerators produce energy from waste but the truth is that by burning the waste they increase the consumption of fresh materials. This tends to increase the energy consumption in producing those materials. Energy consumption is at least 4-5 times more in producing fresh material in compare to recycling of those materials. (Burning wasteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Residual ash generated is almost found to be 30 percent of the original waste by weight and that needs to be disposed of to landfill sites. The ash is toxic and though all precautions are taken in land fill, they may get leaked into groundwater. All toxins being in ash has more chance of leaching then when they are in unburned state. As per the EU commission, leaching from landfills will be one of the most potential sources of dioxins in coming years. The landfill area has been accumulating huge amount of ashes by burning the waste in incinerators and will be a serious concern for continual source of pollutants in the water streams and then it will be difficult to remove it and preserve our water sources. The spoiled water from such carcinogenic compounds will bring a doom for society at large. (SCHARFF H) The bottom ash is being used for construction purposes; however, this is far from being safe. Mainly the ash is being employed for the road construction and the ash mainly contains lead, arsenic, sulfates, zinc, that are in unbound state and not suitable for use in road construction. The authorities permit bottom ash for road maintenance and construction and likely to cause leaching in underground source of water spoiling good water source. It is to be kept in mind that the ash containing highly toxic materials such as dioxins and heavy metals has all chance of leaching to the surrounding soils and can spoil the agricultural land permanently. This is highly dangerous in the sense that it can spoil the food products such as grains, fruits and vegetables which are consumed by humans. No monitoring is being done on such construction and on its after-effects and it is not known what cost society may have to pay for such practices in the long run. The leaching of these compounds will main ly take place intensively during rain, snow and windy environment. Incinerator ash is currently being used by Birmingham City Council for road building in huge amount. Even in the capital city of London, its use has been made at the places like Waltham Forest, Enfield, Greenwich and Essex. It is being used extensively in road construction but without proper monitoring and knowing that how and in what intensity it can spoil good arable land and water sources. (What Happensà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Incinerator Report in Byker, Newcastle Incident on Byker plant in Newcastle is worth noting. On the insistence of local populace and many environment protectionists that they do not want incinerator any further, municipal council agreed to take the stock of the situation. A working group was formed comprising local residents, various agencies and council members to examine the issues and proposals. Since 1994, bottom and fly ash from incinerators were used in preparing path material in and around Newcastle and total materials used were to the tune of 2000 tonnes. Initial tests showed presence of heavy metals and on public demand the Council agreed to carry out further testing at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. (Dioxins foundà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) The results showed 800 times more dioxin level than the normal levels. Even sites which were not dumped with ash showed heightened levels of dioxin indicating that chimney emissions had fouled them. (Dioxins foundà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Researchers at Newcastle University examined 16 allotment sites where the ash was used; 13 were found to have very heavily elevated levels of copper, lead and zinc, as reported by the paper Guardian in its issue 26 May, 2000. (Dioxins foundà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Alternative Plan to Handle Municipal Waste It is true that landfill area has to be reduced for several reasons. European Landfill Directive demands considerable reduction in the quantity of biodegradable waste disposal. It has formulated three step reduction in waste going for land filling. Taking 1995 as baseline, the first step reduction is set at 25% by 2010, second step at 50% by 2013 and last step at 65% by 2020. Due to this reason many municipal authorities take the stand that incinerator is necessary to meet the norms under the directive but the argument is not acceptable for several reasons. (Landfill Directivesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦p 8) If just 30% of newspaper, card and organic wastes, are recycled, it is possible to meet the first target as required by the directive in reducing biodegradable waste going to landfill. This and future targets can certainly be achieved with the systems and technologies that are currently available. It should be noted that targets are only for biodegradable waste. Government estimates itself tell that 60% of the current waste is biodegradable so in a sense there is no difficulty in meeting the government norms with regard to landfill targets. Though, it is necessary to decrease the amount of waste going for land filling but it is not at all necessary to use incinerator for the purpose. Several towns such as Canberra in Australia by 59%, the city of Edmonton in Canada by 70% and the towns in New Zealand and USA have successfully achieved reductions in land filling up to even 70 percent without resorting to any incineration technology. This has been achieved by them in a short span of 5 years. As such, most of the people in the industry have the view that 60% is quite realistic target for reduction in landfill by recycling and other methods. (SELCHP INCINERATOR, p 5) This can otherwise be achieved through skillfully designed methods and techniques as laid down in the following plans. An efficient collection and composting of garden, kitchen waste is the first step in this process to meet the recycling targets and Landfill directives. The domestic stream materials separation needs some basic infrastructure and that can also be used for recyclable material from trade and similar streams. The source separation of waste is critical step in waste reduction programme. It can be separated in three streams. A. Dry Stream B. Compostable Stream C. Residuals Oil, light bulbs, paint pesticides will not be included in the municipal waste stream. They will have separate collection points at appropriate locations. Wet Organics-Stream 1 Subsequent to separation, Composting will be the next step towards waste management. Organic material causes major environmental issues and its separation reduces the toxicity level for it eliminates organic acid which dissolves heavy metals and cause the leaching. Organic waste constitutes about 40 percent of the household waste. Taking away the full range of organic materials along with dry recycling reduces the volume and odour causing potential of the residual stream. Garden and kitchen waste streams are treated separately. Food waste is normally high density and can be composted at enclosed facilities while green waste being low in density can be composted separately. Home composting is the best solution for garden waste. Dry Recyclables-Stream 2 Metal, cans, glass bottles, paper, textiles constitute about 30-40% of dry recyclables. However, this requires following steps in order to make it successful a. It needs educating people to have maximum participation so that these dry recyclables are collected to its maximum. b. New collection ways and means are employed for convenient and successful collection of these materials. Residual Waste-Stream 3 The best part of Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) is not to mix up recyclables, organics and toxic materials so that they cannot contaminate each other. MBT reduces the amount of the residual by a further 50% MBT System can be summarized as per the following 1. Source separation 2. Mechanical stage. Metals, plastics and other materials are removed. 3. The biological stage made of composting system to reduce the weight. The materials composted at this stage are paper, card board, kitchen waste, and the organic material. 4. The residue is now reduced to a great extent and also stabilized. This can be land filled as it now carries a very low risk of methane production. (Landfill Directiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Advantages over Incineration The advantage of MBT plant is their flexibility to adjust as per modular concepts. They can be constructed quickly at much lesser cost. With all hazardous materials removed from the waste stream, the residuals will be more inert like. This can be finally composted and send to landfill. In contrast, incinerator always keeps on generating toxic gases from chemical and thermal reactions. Plastics and paper are the two materials that provide maximum calorific value in municipal wastes. Plastic is the main cause of hazards and paper recycling is much more beneficial compared to fresh production as already discussed earlier. (Landfill Directiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) Thus, we conclude that government should stop promoting Incinerator installations to treat municipal waste and think of the other ways as out lined above to treat municipal wastes

feminaw Edna Pontellier’s Predicament in Kate Chopins The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Edna's Predicament in The Awakening Dr. Mandelet, speaking more as a wise, older man than as a medical authority, seems to understand Edna's predicament. When Mr. Pontellier asks for his advice concerning the strange behaviour of his wife, the doctor immediately wonders, "Is there any man in the case?" (950). While Edna thinks she is expressing her independent rights, Dr. Mandelet knows her heart is still tied to the need for a man in her life, and to an uncontrolled submission to sexual passion. After her self-proclaimed release from her husband's narrow world of prescribed gender roles, Edna begins to act spontaneously, without considering, as Leonce would wish, "what people would say" (977). During a visit to Mademoiselle Reisz, she boldly displays her new attitude, refusing the more modest hot chocolate in favor of a "man's drink": "I will take some brandy," said Edna, shivering as she removed her gloves and overshoes. She drank the liquor from the glass as a man would have done. Then flinging herself upon the uncomfortable sofa she said, "Mademoiselle, I am going to move away from my house on Esplanade Street." (962) However, she will be moving "[j]ust two steps away" (962), she admits, betraying the fact that her feminist step forward will be hindered by at least two steps back. Her new assertiveness will not be enough to shield her from the difficulties of her changing life. Although she expresses herself to Robert in what she deems an "unwomanly" style (990), she is still a victim of societal conditioning, wanting to surrender her identity to another person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cristina Giorcelli writes that "Transitional states are inevitably states of inner and outer ambiguity. In her quest for her true self, Edna loses, or enhances with the addition of the opposite ones, her original gender connotations and social attributes" (121). Such a reading, however, risks simplifying the story in its attempt to clarify exactly that which is ambiguous. Although Giorcelli agrees that the story's message is blurred, she seems to contradict herself when she argues that, Through her androgyny Edna succeeds in achieving the wholeness of a composite unity, both integral and versatile, both necessary and free. Triumphing over sex and role differentiations ontologically implies sub- jugating that which substantiates but curtails, and ethically it entails mastering the grim unilaterality of responsibility. The bourgeois crisis that Edna endures--the discrepancy between duty toward others and right toward herself[--] .

Peaches Essay -- Literary Analysis, Reginald McKnight

In the story â€Å"Peaches†, Reginald McKnight introduces his main characters, one being Marcus. Marcus is a good guy, but he is described in different ways, due to his eagerness or insecurities. Throughout the work, author Reginald McKnight takes great care to illustrate situations and describe feelings and personalities that many men experience. This way, even though Marcus is having trouble controlling himself around other people and arrogant at times, he still tries to be a better person for Rita and for himself. He does this by going out of the country to experience other cultures and enhance his morals. On one level Marcus demonstrates that he is incredibly confident, but on the other level he shows signs of being insecure, manipulative, and overall an unstable man who may or may not be capable of achieving change. Marcus’ actions continually demonstrate how confident he is. Whether he is next door or across the country, Marcus always has his eyes set out for Rita. While, he claims â€Å"I have had relationships with Black women and Hispanic women, and Asian women† (75), thinking his experiences with other women instantly make him capable of understanding Rita. He is so eager to obtain her that he fails to see her as an individual. To Marcus, past experiences are enough to attain a healthy relationship. According to Marcus, he had â€Å"been through this before† (75) and told Rita she could tell him anything, thinking it had to do with a cultural gap. In fact, Marcus said to Rita, â€Å"You can tell me. I think I’d understand† (75). His confidence paired with his need for Rita’s recognition and approval makes it appear that his confidence may be only surface deep. Marcus himself is insecure, and like most guys he is constantly over thinkin... ... In creating a character so confident, insecure, manipulative, and unstable, Reginald McKnight also creates a character we can sympathize with. McKnight created a sense that Marcus was a confident individual, who set himself apart from society, but in doing so, he set himself up for failure. Where the one woman who could make all the difference began to fear him. Once that happened, everything went downhill as soon as Marcus began to dismiss Ritas response at any given point. Whether or not he was fully aware, Marcus built walls around him and avoided speaking about his personal life with any sort of depth. This, if anything, makes us aware that negative remarks and statements can lead to a very negative result. We are forced to form our own conclusion and conform to the fact that no matter how many miles away, one person may never change. Peaches Essay -- Literary Analysis, Reginald McKnight In the story â€Å"Peaches†, Reginald McKnight introduces his main characters, one being Marcus. Marcus is a good guy, but he is described in different ways, due to his eagerness or insecurities. Throughout the work, author Reginald McKnight takes great care to illustrate situations and describe feelings and personalities that many men experience. This way, even though Marcus is having trouble controlling himself around other people and arrogant at times, he still tries to be a better person for Rita and for himself. He does this by going out of the country to experience other cultures and enhance his morals. On one level Marcus demonstrates that he is incredibly confident, but on the other level he shows signs of being insecure, manipulative, and overall an unstable man who may or may not be capable of achieving change. Marcus’ actions continually demonstrate how confident he is. Whether he is next door or across the country, Marcus always has his eyes set out for Rita. While, he claims â€Å"I have had relationships with Black women and Hispanic women, and Asian women† (75), thinking his experiences with other women instantly make him capable of understanding Rita. He is so eager to obtain her that he fails to see her as an individual. To Marcus, past experiences are enough to attain a healthy relationship. According to Marcus, he had â€Å"been through this before† (75) and told Rita she could tell him anything, thinking it had to do with a cultural gap. In fact, Marcus said to Rita, â€Å"You can tell me. I think I’d understand† (75). His confidence paired with his need for Rita’s recognition and approval makes it appear that his confidence may be only surface deep. Marcus himself is insecure, and like most guys he is constantly over thinkin... ... In creating a character so confident, insecure, manipulative, and unstable, Reginald McKnight also creates a character we can sympathize with. McKnight created a sense that Marcus was a confident individual, who set himself apart from society, but in doing so, he set himself up for failure. Where the one woman who could make all the difference began to fear him. Once that happened, everything went downhill as soon as Marcus began to dismiss Ritas response at any given point. Whether or not he was fully aware, Marcus built walls around him and avoided speaking about his personal life with any sort of depth. This, if anything, makes us aware that negative remarks and statements can lead to a very negative result. We are forced to form our own conclusion and conform to the fact that no matter how many miles away, one person may never change. Peaches Essay -- Literary Analysis, Reginald McKnight In the story â€Å"Peaches†, Reginald McKnight introduces his main characters, one being Marcus. Marcus is a good guy, but he is described in different ways, due to his eagerness or insecurities. Throughout the work, author Reginald McKnight takes great care to illustrate situations and describe feelings and personalities that many men experience. This way, even though Marcus is having trouble controlling himself around other people and arrogant at times, he still tries to be a better person for Rita and for himself. He does this by going out of the country to experience other cultures and enhance his morals. On one level Marcus demonstrates that he is incredibly confident, but on the other level he shows signs of being insecure, manipulative, and overall an unstable man who may or may not be capable of achieving change. Marcus’ actions continually demonstrate how confident he is. Whether he is next door or across the country, Marcus always has his eyes set out for Rita. While, he claims â€Å"I have had relationships with Black women and Hispanic women, and Asian women† (75), thinking his experiences with other women instantly make him capable of understanding Rita. He is so eager to obtain her that he fails to see her as an individual. To Marcus, past experiences are enough to attain a healthy relationship. According to Marcus, he had â€Å"been through this before† (75) and told Rita she could tell him anything, thinking it had to do with a cultural gap. In fact, Marcus said to Rita, â€Å"You can tell me. I think I’d understand† (75). His confidence paired with his need for Rita’s recognition and approval makes it appear that his confidence may be only surface deep. Marcus himself is insecure, and like most guys he is constantly over thinkin... ... In creating a character so confident, insecure, manipulative, and unstable, Reginald McKnight also creates a character we can sympathize with. McKnight created a sense that Marcus was a confident individual, who set himself apart from society, but in doing so, he set himself up for failure. Where the one woman who could make all the difference began to fear him. Once that happened, everything went downhill as soon as Marcus began to dismiss Ritas response at any given point. Whether or not he was fully aware, Marcus built walls around him and avoided speaking about his personal life with any sort of depth. This, if anything, makes us aware that negative remarks and statements can lead to a very negative result. We are forced to form our own conclusion and conform to the fact that no matter how many miles away, one person may never change.

Peter Weir’s film “Witness” Essay

Peter Weir’s film, â€Å"Witness† reveals that besides our contemporary world, there are other â€Å"worlds† with their own values that are unique. These worlds conflict with the Western world through their variation in lifestyle. The Amish are a community of people who live peacefully in the midst of a robust, crime – riddled contemporary world. Weir presents a film that fits two genres, one of a crime and the other of romance. Within the first ten minutes of the film these two worlds it captures the differences of these two worlds through the use of cinematic techniques. The Amish world is introduced at the very start of the film where the opening visual fades in, to reveal a long shot showing the landscape. There is no use of artificial lighting but merely the natural sunlight of an early morning. This proposes an idea that the Amish community lives in a plain, simplistic, traditional, and a calm lifestyle. The establishing montage of the silent and peaceful world of the Amish becomes apparent through a wide angle shot that pans across the screen in a panoramic view of gently swaying wheat fields from which emerges a small band of black clad people walk silently following one another. Even in this very early part of the movie, the audience has a glimpse of order and conformity. Their black clothes juxtapose the brilliance of the Wheatfield’s clearly portraying their different world. Pennsylvania 1984 is surprising to the viewer, because they might expect a much earlier date. The idea of two worlds is also symbolized by the division of the scene into top half of the sky and the bottom half of the grass. The crossing of the two worlds is portrayed by the Amish moving through the frame from right to left through the grass. This is an unusual technique because usually most movement is from left to right, thus reinforcing their unusual world. Weir’s purpose in presenting such an orderly scene ironically is to exemplify the dystopia of the fast urban life of crime and corruption. The culture clash between the Amish and the modern technological society becomes evident when Eli takes Rachel and Samuel to the station. The camera zooms into the carriage portraying the occupants to be Eli as the driver and Rachel and Samuel as the passengers. An overhead view gives way to long shots of beautiful country landscape and the horse-driven carriage as it is juxtaposed with the truck. The truck a symbolic representation of the modern world and a vehicle that is known to literally thunder its way like a bully on highways has to follow the carriage which was going at its own pace. This demonstrates that the Amish world behind it is not governed by time and will go the way they want. Through the close-ups of Eli, Rachel and Samuel, the audience sees the ‘glassed-in world’ of the Amish as being reclusive and imprisoned as opposed to the free world of faster vehicles. Weir illustrates this sudden imposition of the American way when at the station while awaiting their train. An undershot of the train is gigantic and intimidating which dwarfs the Amish world. He is mesmerized by it all, ‘tours’ the train station. Accustomed to little angels in their books, Samuel is miniaturized by a gigantic figure of an angel. A high angle shot from behind the statue dwarfs Samuel symbolically highlighting the insignificance of their culture to the American way of life. Even among the Amish these worlds there are others who resemble different from the †¦

Cadaveric Dissection

Cadaveric dissection is a must last for all checkup student either it brings a terrific receive or a nightm be. My premiere impression more than or less corpseic dissection collapsed 1 time I have experience the school term myself. I though it must be in a creepy glory, with a fleshy and bloody stiff, bad t mavin and scary dissecting manner. save, after(prenominal) my first of all academic sitting, I appreciated that it is not that bad and h matchlessstly I am starting to alike(p) it. I tolerate still suppose clearly the moment I walked into the dissecting room for the first time in my brio- the atmosphere was kind of weird.I matte up a mixture of feelings- sc atomic number 18d, nervous, and confused but at the same time I felt extremely excited. later wearing the garb and goggles, I stepped into the dissecting room still with confusion. As soon as I arrived and stood beside my cadaver, I just couldnt stand the tactile property but after going done th e sitting I realised that I was able to get used to it. passim the dissecting academic session, I slowly built up a sense of feeling that my cadaver will be my greatest t a functioner for the next two years as it will virtually teach me nearly the complexities of the human proboscis, how the systems work and link it to one another.I am touched by his generosity- his tremendous effort to donate his body and allow us to discover the greatest and the most amazing creation in the world- the complexities of the human body. I realised that the dissecting session was not just another session for tuition anatomy but was dead more than that. It was a session which has taught me a precious lesson that I will think up for the rest of my life- a good somebody shall always benefit others anywhere, anytime, either they are alive or dead. When he died at the age of 73 due to ischaemic bowel problem, it did not mean his life ended there.He was actually first appearance a new phase in his li fe, being a wonderful instructor to my fashion plate group mates and me. He is the one who will guide us with a magical commove by dint of let out the human body and experience a journey to body space. The individuality of the cadaver remains anonymous and his bet is being covered passim the session. This basically teaches me an of the essence(p) lesson- the importance of confidentiality in medical profession. General medical council really separate out out the importance of confidentiality for e rattling vivify registered with it.For a doctor, confidentiality is an important duty since confidentiality is the primaeval to trust between doctors and unhurrieds. 1 When Im observing my GP consultation, I observe that she really concern about the patient confidentiality and regard as patients right to confidentiality. One important thing that I had observed at first was that everybody had their own style when traffic with different situations. Some people looked very cal m, while the others, and me, especially, felt nervous. Helping each other to calm down brought us closer to one another.This introductory session sustained us to build chemistry with one another, thus making our learning swear out easier next time. I still flirt with the moment when Professor Evan started to uncover the cadaver some of my colleagues fell and collapsed. Everyone seemed to react in different way. However, even though I felt nervous and a bittie bit afraid, I was able to go on with the session after my fellow colleagues kindly comforted me. We held our hands unneurotic and tried to open up our minds and be strong.This situation basically taught me more about the meaning of teamwork and cooperation. From my personal point of view, works in a team for emaciated dissection actually gives me the opportunity to learn more about teamwork and hopefully it will help me as a doctor in the future. When Im having the Inter-professional Learning shop with nursing and social work students a few weeks later, I then ascertained the significance of team work and how it can help me in the future when running(a) in a big, inter-professional field.The dissecting session helped me to show myself better, I found that Im a kinaesthetic learner I should involve actively in the learning process by touching, feeling and carrying out all the procedure myself in invest to crystalize me understand a crabby lesson better. During the anatomy lecture, I thought I understood what the lecturer was laborious to let loose about- rail line, institution, ya I just took them for granted. But during the session, when my instructor asked me about the point of origin and insertion of pectoralis major and pectoralis minor, I was having unwieldyies recalling hat I have versed in lectures and relating it to the cadaver. Then I know that I should have prepared myself first before going to any session and should never have assumed that I understood something without ever beaming on it. However, the experience of being able to see, touch and experience the muscles, have definitely helped me understand more about the point of insertion and origin and thus being able to bear on the structure with its function.I found that after the session, when I was doing revision, I could easily memorialize the structures by recalling what I have conditioned in the dissecting room. Seeing somebody excision off a small piece of fat using a scalpel whitethorn sound flabby but when you are doing it on your own, it is not as easy as that. However, as I went through the process, I realised we developed our skills through practice because practice definitely makes perfect. To be honest, Im the type of person who is afraid to make mistakes.I felt a lack of confidence when the instructor asked me to fix the blade into the scalpel in expect of everybody else. I didnt want them to gag at me if I was doing it the wrong way. However after the session, I kind of regrett ed it because I didnt grab the opportunity to modify my skills. From the incident, I realised that in auberge to learn and improve my knowledge and skills, I should not be afraid of trying something new or making mistakes. gentleman definitely learn from mistakes.Besides that, working(a) in a group of 8 students really helped me to learn very well. After reviewing a particular structure, one of my colleagues would relieve briefly about it. And then, every one of us would share any unneeded information we have about the verbalize structure. Before this, with the limited time I have, I found that it was quite difficult for me to read and learn everything about a particular subject on my own. However, throughout this session, I observed and felt that synergetic and active learning by sacramental manduction information much easier and enjoyable.Everyone has their own skill and sharing your knowledge with others would definitely make you become much better. Overall, cadaveric d issecting session is not just a pattern academic session but it is more than that. I learned about humanity, respect and teamwork. This is a golden opportunity for me to reflect on what I have learned in lectures, explore my own cleverness and weaknesses, and thus help me understand myself better. I love my anatomy sessions. To my dearest cadaver, give thanks a lot, you are my greatest teacher

Site Layout Planning Ealing W5 5rf

Real grade Lay forbidden Map direct Layout Briefing It is important to maintain a naughty school standard of campaign, facility, resource management, in pact to the health and safeguard & CDM Regulations, in order to convey a let out atmosphere for any(a) members of provide and shiters. The avocation ordain decompose every last(predicate) aspects of our spin Management confound Plans, to ensure how we leave behind create a satisfying duty of cable c atomic number 18 to all members of the look team working for the UWL Student registration Project 2012/2013. localise LocationUniversity Of West London, Park pass Via St bloody shames Road, Ealing, W5 5RF. The new construct testament be constructed on an un used field area, and car park, belonging to the university. The coordinate web locate is spring by protected trees, at the atomic number 16 stead of the building, parallel to a general building (YMCA), and the boundary on the west and north side of the building, which leads to the main and side road. The intercommunicate building pass oning be built within the white turning point on the Real send Layout diagram, and lamentable of the Map website Layout diagram. Site frame-up and LogisticsIn order to meet the CDM and health and safety device obligations, it entrance out be necessary to contri merelye a fully functional and lamblike temporary berth fitting locating as part of the situate frame-up. previous to commencement on internet site, the site specifyup result include tolerance site hoarding equipped with reserve synthetic rubber and way-finding signage, elucidationing installations, and set of gates for vehicle entrance. The perimeter resort separationism scheme (I. e. Heras Fencing) is to be erected and equipped with appropriate safety and way-finding signage.Clearly defined access routes get out be defined both within the site and the surrounding roads and sites in accordance to the management plans and with particular attention to the segregation of pedestrians, plant and vehicle. The delivery, storage and distri preciselyion of materials impart form part of this plan. Site Accommodation & Welfare Facilities After having judged the situation at the site, with the documents of the feasibility state, there isnt fitted space to travail (as promised), an alterations site on the premises of the drift.The temporary site admitation leave behind be located in the scholar car park of the University. The site accommodation get out include adapted and sufficient sanitary conveniences. Supply of irrigate provide be available through and through and through the weewee pumps of UWL into the retinue, toilets, sinks The room go out be kept clean and tidy by the occupiers, and give be go over by a warden, so this rule isnt br severallyed, and is kept in an orderly condition. equal supply of drinking water system leave be put in fewer places as part of welfare faci lities through drinking water fountains, and kitchen facilities.For Health and skilfulty reasons, water fountains and supply of drinking water will be tag with an appropriate signage, and sufficient number of cups will be provided. Washing Facilities will include * A supply of clean hot and cold, or warm, water (which shall be running water so far as is fairly practicable) * Suitable fashion of cleaning, much(prenominal) as soap, shampoo, and * Suitable means of drying towels, hand dryers, pouf dryers. Washing Rooms will be ventilated, and given required lighting.They too will work to be kept cleaned and maintained. In order to minimise costs in welfare facilities, instead of having separate laundry facilities for men and women, the multiple bath populate will be individually shared, with an internal lock to observe on others coming in. This is more efficient as the number of males will dominate those of females. The accommodation will acquire changing rooms & lockers and sufficient spacing in these facilities, oddly when the workers have to wear special habiliment for his/her work and duty.Work may be on-going during pelting thereof, facilities for drying areas for wearing apparel, and seating will be set up in the accommodation. Lockers will excessively be provided near the changing areas in order to keep work uniform, clothes that havent been torn during the work and soulfulnessal belongings safe. Damages to these will be at the occupiers liability, non the site gloweringicer/warden/ trade protection/manager. Rooms and Resting areas will be wide-awake to be satisfying to all users. The rooms will be a society style living accommodation for all males, and separate ndividual rooms for females. Within 4 cabins as posted on the site layout, hostel dorm for males will represent of 14 beds, 7 in each cabin, and on cabin with 5 gnomish rooms for ladies. Premises for accommodation will be handed to those living some further away, and to th ose who operate and work on a 24 hour shift. Others will have to live at their feature homes, and travel to the site, or find accommodation in hotels nearby, with the assist of the grammatical construction team. profession Control Staff will run into traffic into and out of siteNo Temporary light signals will be used, as it will delay public traffic measures, wint be efficiently used, and will cost more money to hire. fomite Movement into and out of site will occur around the Pink outline. Trucks and overweight machinery have been seen going into this outline and mournful out safely and securely. Parking on Park road will be stopped until Kerrison Road, to ease movement of impenetrable machinery into site through Park Road, and refer sure that cars do non get effected by any travel debris, which could lead into court appearances.Health and Safety extend The construction industry has the highest rate of accidents in the workforce. The diagram on the left proves instruc tion collected in 2008, which shows the multiple come of fatalities in the construction sector in comparison to other Work Sectors. In the production of the UWL Student Accommodation St Marys Road Ealing, our aim is to bring bring down accidents and fatalities as much as possible. Accidents are naturally occurring and unpredictable but checkerlable.This Health and Safety field will analyse the CDM Regulations 2007, and will in-corporate on how efficiently to use the Regulations in our project. This Health and Safety pass over is a part of Risk analysis, hence following according to the H&S structure will reduce the for-see-able risks. Safe places of work Access & movement in and out of the construction site must(prenominal)(prenominal) be safe and practical. Walking distances must be short at all working times to cut down non-productive times amongst each of the workers on the field. The rea marked in yellow is the region where staff and workers will be making approximately movement. During the construction periods, it is important to keep the walkway distances at a minimum, not unless to cut down on non-productive time, but it will reduce damages to gentleman by falls, trips, falling and fallen debris. As the construction process is underway, the space will move around more confined and little, callable to the presence of the new building, hence, it is important to ready vital grapple when crossing the site in such a unaired area, to be further aware of accidents and to keep the Health and Safety Regulations.The area does represent of enough working space for all members of the team to work in a safe manner. Good Order and Site Security Every part of the construction must be kept in good order in the means of tidiness and cleanliness. The construction site will consist of a perimeter place by suitable signs and be so arranged that its extent is readily identifiable, and be fenced off. See also fencing in the Site Layout Report for more inf ormation about fencing around the perimeter of the site. Sharp materials, such as projected nails, must be placed in good storage areas to reduce penetrative people.Other construction projects, according to the CDM Regulations, do not allow timber with projected nails on site due to the Hazard insecurity of such equipments, therefore our alternative advice is to keep sharp objects, and all other materials that is a dominance risk if not taken care of, to be stored appropriately, and used when needed. Site Security areas have been denoted on the Site Layout Plans. These sites will operate on a 24h basis. Construction materials and recourses are a high value for money, and hence, vandalism in construction is high at a time of economical downturn.Therefore, guards will be on patrol for 24 hour on the two areas located on the Site Plan. The site security will have to control the site premises, take care of all the site equipments, watch out for theft, and vandalism on non-operationa l times. During Operation periods, security will have to take control of vehicle movements in and out of the building, foster with vehicles turning around, and check all the staff and workers badges before macrocosm let onto the site. Security check and report accidents and fatalities in the Risk Assessment and Health and Safety documents.Stability of Structure It is important to authorise sure that any part of the structure that may become un-stable with different extend bearings or high wind adulterates, become notified to all members of the team on site, who may be affected if un-cautioned. Foundations, buttress, and temporary supports, such as scaffolding, must be intentional & used, to make sure they disregard adapt to the calculated load bearings and impact lots, so the building can remain stable, and no(prenominal) of the supports fail to collapse the building or the supports itself fall from a high distance.The load bearings, wind loads, impact loads, and snow loads have been calculated by the polished engineers, will provide exact figures, as to which the contractors will abide to, and design the supports in the safest manner. digging During the Excavation process, it is vital that zippo collapses into the region of mining. There must be sufficient spacing between people, bulk foundations and plants on the site. Neighbouring crownwork-tops must be checked to make sure that during the excavation process, nix falls from these buildings into the excavation which may cause potential hazards for this stage of construction.The most potential building that may cause an yield for such reasons is the YMCA building next to the site, and its roof top must be verified. Excavation process must be inspected at the start of the shift, followed by regular time interval checking, and finally at the end of the shift. either material trapped in the excavation will cause a high health and safety issue for the employees, and also will affect the stabili ty of the building a few years from completion. Reports of watchfulness Dates when the QS and the Health and Safety Assessor will come and inspect the work have been noted on the Microsoft Project Scheduling, underneath the notes column.The QS will assess the progress of the work and supply information to the clients to supply the lodge with the income. Therefore in the inspection of the QS, if the project is working under the deadline, the income and profit will be below that of the project plan. The watch Report will be mentioned to the person in charge of the operations of the factors that of necessity to be amended to satisfy that report before further work can be carried out in a safe manner. button Distribution Installations Energy will come from the UWL campus Ealing.If more is required, wherefore an electricity generator will be brought onto the site (shown on the left). The generator will need to be checked and rewrite before usage for safety requirements. galvanic c ables will run safely on the site, away from danger of being but off by plants, or by congestion. Gas will be distributed to Welfasre facilities from UWL. The student Car park has been cut off from Student and UWL staff, so that they are not at risk from un-known un-told danger, which the staff of the construction unit would be aware of whilst employ the facilities.

Forensic Science Module Essay

1. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid refers to the molecules that carry our genetic information. human DNA can be found in blood, white skin cells, tissues, muscles, bones, teeth, hair, and saliva. 2.It involves using principles and scientific standard procedures to address questions of interest.4. Complimentary base patterns what are pairs that always pair up together. Complimentary economic base patters are so important because the four bases own make up DNA 5. RFLP is described as the method in which DNA is studied, by using an enzyme to cut DNA strands into different sections.You divide the study into few phrases and are able to move.

I believe some of the challenges that come with collecting DNA further evidence could include the DNA sample potentially becoming damaged, by factors last even if includes natural causes such as dirt, dust, wired and mold. Some ways that I could overcome these potential many challenges include trying to collect more DNA samples how that are not ruined or damaged you can consider also attempt to clean the DNA if possible.3. The difference between rat mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA is that mitochondrial stranded DNA is inherited from the offspring’s mother while in nuclear DNA it is mixed and matched so it is different.Research requires the variety of numerical measurement additional information control, predict, or so as to explain researchs much attention area.Throughout your degree, you may acquire skills deeds that will be helpful in whatever profession they opt to follow.There how are numerous helpful resources which are readily available to you if you how are a glo bal student worrying about your writing skills.

Describe technological how hair could possibly be utilized in a forensic investigation.Evidence speaks for itself, and loudly if its belief proof.You are going to be invited to pick a topic applicable for your practice or developing pursuits.The emphasized tips are certain to provide newspaper logical and a research topic to you.

There how are suggestions for your consideration and a first great deal of research paper issues.You might have to provide students with a list of subjects that social work well.Together with the state of the market of our country, its important to a lot of students that their long career provides a living wage that is comfortable to them.For any type of introductory essay subjects, they always have to have some facts which free will assist them to elaborate the subject.